In this paper, I would like to analyze Ki Haeng-hyun's "Hongjae Ilgi" to reveal what happened in Buan County during the modern transition period and what kind of person Ki Haeng-hyun was who wrote the diary. Looking at the appearance in the diary, local residents of various classes gathered to express different opinions and solve the problem through deliberation, rather than processing the important work of the village according to the unilateral instructions of the leader. The leader did not unilaterally convey the government's policy and tried to persuade the local people face-to-face, and the Yangban and commoners shared various factors and taxes imposed on the village by the government. Efforts were made to promote the academic style of the leader, and the residents responded to this, and the local people gathered together regularly to hold poetry meetings. As a result, Buan became one of the villages with the least conflict and damage, even though it was in the middle of the Donghak Peasant War. Ki Haeng-hyun received a traditional Confucian education from an early age, where he studied with a well-known teacher to take the test in the past. As a result, he was unable to conceive reform or innovative ideas. However, he traveled not only to his village but also to markets in nearby villages, looked for the prices, purchased necessary goods from inexpensive places, and sold the crops he produced to expensive markets. He used various labor to cultivate his own land and the land he borrowed from others to accumulate wealth. He socialized and stayed with Yangban, Ajeon, and commoners regardless of status or class in his room. Not a few people came to his room to borrow books, including commoners. As such, he was a new human being with a different appearance that was not seen in the previous aristocrats economically and socially. He was like Keimyung-sung (鷄鳴聲) who signaled the arrival of a new era.